2. Names and Terms Referring to Places and People

2.1 English forms of place names should be used where they exist.

Padua, Seville, Athens, The Hague, Flanders, Tuscany, Istanbul, Tokyo

2.2 In other cases, a transliteration of the autonym is used. For more information on transliteration, see the pertinent chapter.

Beijing, Bengaluru, Tbilisi

2.3 Native spellings of foreign names are preferred. Common English renderings may be included between parentheses the first time the name is introduced.

Ibn Rushd (Averroes), Kongzi (Confucius)

2.4 When referring to minority communities, always use the terminology preferred by those communities themselves.

LGBTQ+ people (rather than homosexuals), people with disabilities (rather than disabled people), unhoused (rather than homeless), trans* (rather than transgender)

2.5 Be as specific as possible when referring to topographical regions, avoiding generalizing terms such as "Third World," "developing countries," and "Global South." For more on this topic, reference this page.

2.6 When referring to a community of Native peoples, first of all, use "community" not "tribe" unless it is used by a Native author. Always prioritize the community's specific autonym, with the English exonym in parentheses.

spoqín (Spokan), sntʔtʔúlixʷ (Upper Spokan), néhinaw (Cree)